Some years ago, in years 1912 KH. Achmad Dahlan (Muhammad darwis) from Yogyakarta, Indonesian. He had inspirated to build an organization. He wanted to build an organization which is based the qoran and hadits. He saw the condition of Indonesian society that understanding of Islam wasn’t pure. KH. Achmad Dahlan had an ambition to construct Islamic doctrines that suitable to the qoran and hadith. Eventually, he established an organization that was named Muhammadiyah at 18th November 1912 in Kauman, Yogyakarta.
The first doctrine was denied by his family and friends, but after teaching with be patient so the doctrine was received by his family and friends. Muhammadiyah is organization moved in social and religion. It is a big organization in Indonesia country after Nahdlatul ulama. Muhammadiyah is a modern organization that is very meritorious to Indonesian government. Muhammadiyah has established educations, health, economy, environment etc. In education, it has established some schools from kindergartens, elementary schools, junior high schools, senior high schools and colleges. Muhammadiyah also established some Islamic boarding schools for studying of Islamic. Muhammadiyah has some universities which is disseminated spread all over towns, such as Muhammadiyah university at yogyakarta, malang, Jakarta etc. In senior high schools such as Muhammadiyah high school, muhammadiyah Islamic high school ( MA) Mu’alimin and mu’alimat (women high school), muhammadiyah junior high schools, muhammadiyah elementary schools, vocational high school and Aisyiah kindergartens.
In healthy, muhammadiyah has established some hospitals were called muhammadiyah hospital (PKU Muhammadiyah) for a healthy service to society. It very cares to health society in Indonesian. The government feels easy in healthy, education, economy because helped. Muhammadiyah helps the government. Muhammadiyah isn’t politic organization, but many cadres from muhammadiyah to go into the politic world. They struggle to uphold Islamic doctrines in politic world, despite they don’t convey Muhammadiyah as organization which move at social and religion.
Muhammadiyah as a modernist organization wants to progress a Islamic civilization. Muhammadiyah trys to advance in education, economy, Islamic scientific knowledge, health etc. In Islamic scientific knowledge, Muhammadiyah behaves inclusive although it gets from western namely secular scientific. Muhammadiyah realizes that the civilization influences each other. Muhammadiyah isn’t exclusive organization but is opened by epoch development. Muhammadiyah also administers some problems for Islamic community, such as approved and forbidden wasn't mentioned in the qoran and hadith ( Ijtihad ) as majelis tarjih implements for deciding a law.
For Islamic organization, Muhammadiyah also applies the qoran and sunnah doctrines to solve a problem that faced by Moslem reality in Indonesian ccontext. Muhammadiyah establishes some mosques to pray of Moslem. In muhammadiyah history, Ki Bagus Hadi kusuma ( Muhammadiyah chairman 1942-1953) had a big contribution to pancasila, he gave base divinity, humanity, civilized, and equity in pancasila. The fourth basic is the qoran spirit or moral advice in the text of the qoran. He thought, if the Islamic law ( syariat islam) on the literal meaning (textual) was applied in Indonesia, so that Indonesian society would separate. Thus Indonesian isn’t Islamic country and form of the country is final. This is evidence indeed muhammadiyah very meritorious to Indonesian country.
Muhammadiyah also established economic assembly which assignment for progress in Indonesian economy, this is evidence that muhammadiyah is very care to economy. Muhammadiyah has an institute namely sermon and special proselytizing (Tabligh dan dakwah khusus) as developing moral Islamic society that suitable by the qoran and hadith. Muhammadiyah is organization that wants to uphold laws by equity as the text of the qoran. Muhammadiyah appreciate to human right, it has to uphold a equality and equity to all humans. the organization doesn’t distinguish for man and women, according to muhammadiyah that they are same gender, but taqwa is distinction. As prove that muhammadiyah appreciate to woman, it establishes an ortonom organization namely Aisyiah ( women Islamic organization). The muhammadiyah has participated to realize of the gender equality. Muhammadiyah is progressive organization. Muhammadiyah always attitudes moderate and inclusive. The organization also trys to act in peace all humans without discriminating from ethnic, nation, culture, religion, and gender. Muhammadiyah hopes a peace and unity all humans in the difference. The organization wants to create peace, harmony, and unity all humans.
In between religions relationship, Muhammadiyah cooperated between religions such as dialog, peace interfaith, and maintain harmony. Muhammadiyah also responds toward religion pluralism, because Indonesian society is plural. In abroad relationship is very best, it cooperated together with some nations for increasing human resource quality. Muhammadiyah is decided as the legend organization in the world, because charity (amal usaha) is practiced by muhammadiyah. Greatness of the muhammadiyah because the organization is being concentrated to charity (amal usaha) no other.
After working one century ago, how will muhammadiyah today which will confront second century.? Will muhammadiyah has some innovators to progress, or only static. 'Ala kulli ra'si kulli mi'ah sanah mujaddidun" The hadith mentioned every 100 old age will come a reformer, how about muhammadiyah ? it as well as cares to progress the civilization such as scientific knowledge, economy, culture, education, etc. The organization has some ortonom organizations such as Aisyiyah (woman movement), Nasiatul Asyiah (the young girl Islamic organization), Muhammadiyah youth (Pemuda muhammadiyah), IPM ( Muhammadiyah student for high and junior school), hizbul wathan ( boy scout), Tapak suci (artful fighting skill), and IMM (university student).
Muhammadiyah has some assemblies such as Tarjih and Tajdid assembly and Islamic thoughts ( Deciding institute (Ijtihad) or producing some Islamic thoughts and conduct renewal), Tabligh dan dakwah khusus (sermon and special proselytizing), DIKTILBANG, DIKDASMEN (Education), Economy, Public health, Wakaf dan ZIS ( a religious contribution or alms giving), and Community Empowerment. Muhammadiyah has some institutes namely wisdom, laws and human rights, environments, abroads, comptroller (finances), library information, and arts and culture. The following is the chairman of muhammadiyah from periode to periode namely KH. Achmad Dahlan (Founder), KH.Ibrahim, KH.Hisyam, Buya AR. Sutan Mansyur, KH.Faqih Usman, KH.Yunus Anis, KH. Achmad Badawi, Abdul Rozak Fachruddin (AR Fachruddin), KHA.Azhar Basyir, MA, Prof.Dr.HM. Amien Rais, MA, Prof.Dr.H. Achmad Syafi’I Ma’arif, MA and now Prof.Dr.HM. Din syamsuddin.
Tulisan ini ditulis oleh Zaka ( Yu’timaalahuyatazaka) dalam rangka menyambut Muktamar Muhammadiyah, dalam blog IPM Bantul Yogyakata
Bantul, Yogyakarta 2 juli 2010
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